Who is the original proponent of the modern Conflict Theory?

The original proponent of modern Conflict Theory is Karl Marx. His contributions to sociology and social theory emphasized the role of class conflict in shaping society, which fundamentally influenced the development of Conflict Theory. Marx posited that society is structured by economic power dynamics, specifically the conflict between the bourgeoisie (the capitalist class) and the proletariat (the working class).

Marx’s analysis of capitalism highlighted how economic inequalities lead to social stratification and conflict, suggesting that this struggle over resources, power, and ideology is central to understanding social relations and societal change. His ideas laid the groundwork for later sociological theories and movements that sought to analyze and address social inequalities.

In contrast, the other figures mentioned, such as Durkheim and Weber, contributed significantly to social theory but did not focus specifically on conflict as the primary driver of social change. Durkheim emphasized social cohesion and the role of collective consciousness in maintaining social order, while Weber provided a more nuanced understanding of power and authority beyond economic factors. Mill, known for his own contributions to social and political philosophy, focused more on liberty and utilitarianism rather than systemic conflict. Thus, Marx's foundational work is what establishes him as the original proponent of modern Conflict Theory.